Two phase 3 clinical trials have tested tozorakimab, an add-on antibody therapy, in patients with COPD whose condition flares up even while on standard medication.
People living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) — a long-term lung condition that makes breathing progressively harder — can still suffer serious flare-ups even when taking prescribed maintenance medication. The New England Journal of Medicine has published findings from two large phase 3 trials, known as OBERON and TITANIA, examining whether an additional treatment called tozorakimab could help reduce those episodes.
Tozorakimab is a monoclonal antibody — a laboratory-made protein designed to target a specific part of the immune system. In this case, it blocks the activity of interleukin-33, a signalling molecule the body releases in response to infection or irritation in the airways. Earlier phase 2 trials suggested that dampening this signal might reduce the frequency and severity of COPD flare-ups (known medically as exacerbations).
The OBERON and TITANIA trials represent the phase 3 stage of testing — the larger, more rigorous studies required before a treatment can be considered for regulatory approval. Results from both trials are summarised by the journal in a new Quick Take video.
COPD affects around 1.2 million people in the UK, according to NHS England, though the true number is thought to be higher because many cases go undiagnosed. Flare-ups can lead to hospital admission and a lasting decline in lung function.
Anyone experiencing worsening breathlessness, increased coughing, or changes in mucus should contact their GP or call NHS 111. In a breathing emergency, call 999.
Source: @NEJM